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World Models Research Papers

A practical reading guide that turns the world-model literature into a sequence: foundations, latent dynamics, planning, foundation simulators, and self-supervised approaches.

robotics model-based-rl simulation embodied-ai

Guide Snapshot

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AttributeValue
GuideHow to Read World Models Papers
SummaryA practical reading path through world-model research, from foundational concepts to latent dynamics, planning, simulators, and self-supervised approaches.
Related Models5
Related Research3
References4

Foundational Papers

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Start with Ha & Schmidhuber (2018) 'World Models', the paper that popularized the concept. Then read Hafner et al. (2019) 'Learning Latent Dynamics for Planning from Pixels' (PlaNet/RSSM), the foundational architecture for modern world models. Silver et al. (2017) 'The Predictron' introduced abstract world models for planning.

The Dreamer Lineage

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The Dreamer family represents the most successful line of world model research: DreamerV1 (2020) introduced imagination-based policy learning with RSSM, DreamerV2 (2021) 'Mastering Atari with Discrete World Models' achieved human-level Atari, and DreamerV3 (2023) 'Mastering Diverse Domains through World Models' achieved the first domain-general world model agent.

Planning and Search

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Schrittwieser et al. (2020) 'Mastering Atari, Go, Chess and Shogi by Planning with a Learned Model' (MuZero): superhuman game play without rules. Weber et al. (2017) 'Imagination-Augmented Agents': hybrid model-based/model-free agents.

Foundation World Models

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NVIDIA (2024) 'Cosmos World Foundation Model Platform': industrial-scale world models for physical AI. Google DeepMind (2024) 'Genie 2': interactive 3D environments from single images. Yang et al. (2023) 'Learning Interactive Real-World Simulators' (UniSim).

Self-Supervised Approaches

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LeCun (2022) 'A Path Towards Autonomous Machine Intelligence': the vision for JEPA-based world models. Bardes et al. (2024) 'V-JEPA': self-supervised visual world models without pixel reconstruction.

Surveys and Overviews

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For comprehensive overviews, look for survey papers on model-based RL and world models that organize the field's development, taxonomy, and future directions. These provide essential context for understanding how individual contributions fit together.

Related Models

ModelLabCategoryYear
DreamerV3Google DeepMindModel-Based RL2023
World Models (Ha & Schmidhuber)Google Brain / IDSIAModel-Based RL2018
MuZeroGoogle DeepMindModel-Based RL2020
PlaNetGoogleModel-Based RL2019
V-JEPAMetaSelf-Supervised World Model2024

Related Research

TopicSummary
Model-Based Reinforcement LearningWhat model-based reinforcement learning is, how world models enable imagination-based planning, and why Dreamer, MuZero, PlaNet, and TD-MPC2 matter.
Self-Supervised World ModelsHow self-supervised world models learn environment dynamics without rewards, from JEPA and V-JEPA to predictive latent representations.
World Models: A Comprehensive SurveyA survey of AI world models covering taxonomy, leading architectures, landmark systems, open challenges, and future research directions.

Frequently Asked Questions

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What is the single most important paper to read?

Ha & Schmidhuber (2018) 'World Models' for the concept. For practical impact, Hafner et al. (2023) 'Mastering Diverse Domains through World Models' (DreamerV3) represents the current state of the art.

How should I read these papers?

Start with the abstract and introduction for intuition. Study the architecture diagrams carefully. For DreamerV3 and MuZero, the open-source code is often clearer than the mathematical notation.

Quick Answer

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  • How to Read World Models Papers explains the core workflow, concepts, and implementation choices behind this topic.
  • Use the body sections below for the main static guide content, then continue with the linked models and research topics.
  • The references block preserves primary reading paths directly in HTML for no-JS readers and crawlers.

Editorial Trust Signals

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Published by world-models.io editorial board.

Lead editor Bernard Grenat.

This guide page turns primary-source material into structured workflows, explanations, and linked reading paths.

Each editorial page is assembled from primary sources, normalized into extractable summaries, checked for factual drift, and reviewed before publication or major refreshes. Last reviewed: 2026-06-21.

Pages are refreshed when a new paper, benchmark, release, architecture update, or stronger primary source materially changes the answer a reader or AI system should retrieve.

Each page links back to relevant primary sources and keeps a stable canonical URL so readers can verify claims, trace context, and reference the most up-to-date version. See the editorial policy.

Primary sources onlyLast reviewed date visibleMethodology documentedSource links included

References

  1. [1] Ha & Schmidhuber, 2018. World Models.
  2. [2] Hafner et al., 2023. DreamerV3.
  3. [3] Schrittwieser et al., 2020. MuZero.
  4. [4] LeCun, 2022. A Path Towards Autonomous Machine Intelligence.

References

  1. [1] Ha & Schmidhuber, 2018. World Models.
  2. [2] Hafner et al., 2023. DreamerV3.
  3. [3] Schrittwieser et al., 2020. MuZero.
  4. [4] LeCun, 2022. A Path Towards Autonomous Machine Intelligence.